![]() ![]() The Government of India Act 1858, Indian Councils Act 1861, Indian Councils Act 1892 and Indian Councils Act 1909 were later important laws of government. The British slowly granted concessions for home rule. The British Empire did not grant universal suffrage and democratic institutions to its colonies. The Regulating Act of 1773 passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom was the first basic law in the Bengal Presidency. The advent of British rule in the 18th century displaced the centuries of governance developed by South Asian empires. Modern Constitutional history British India 2.11 Part IX: The Services of Bangladesh.2.10 Part VIII: The Comptroller and Auditor General.2.8.3 Chapter III: Administrative Tribunals.2.7.3 Chapter III: Ordinance Making Power.2.7.2 Chapter II: Legislative and Financial Procedures.2.6.2 Chapter II: The Prime Minister and The Cabinet.2.4 Part II: Fundamental Principles of State Policy.The Constitution became effective on Bangladesh's Victory Day, precisely one year after the signing of the Instrument of Surrender. ![]() The Constitution replaced the Proclamation of Independence as the country's fundamental instrument of government. It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Bangladesh on 4 November 1972 and became effective on 16 December 1972. Judicial review is also supported by the Constitution. Judicial precedent is enshrined in Bangladesh's Constitution under Article 111, which makes Bangladesh an integral part of the common law world. Parliament cannot quash parts of the Constitution. It invokes constitutional supremacy, as opposed to legislative supremacy since it was created by a constituent assembly not Parliament and was adopted by the people of Bangladesh in its preamble. It commits Bangladesh to “contribute to international peace and co-operation in keeping with the progressive aspirations of mankind”. The Constitution endeavors to create a socialist society in which the rule of law, fundamental human rights and freedom, equality and justice, political, economic and social, is secured for all its citizens. The four fundamental principles of the Constitution are nationalism, socialism, democracy and secularism. The document provides the framework that demarcates the Bangladeshi republic with a unitary, parliamentary democracy, that enshrines fundamental human rights and freedoms, an independent judiciary, democratic local government and a national bureaucracy. The Constitution of Bangladesh ( Bengali: বাংলাদেশের সংবিধান - Bangladesher Sambidhāna), officially the Constitution of the People's Republic of Bangladesh ( Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশের সংবিধান - Gaṇaprajātantrī Bangladesher Sambidhāna) is the supreme law of Bangladesh. ![]()
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